There are over 250 beef breeds recognized in the world. 80 in the US
Most Annual Registrations
Angus 283,000
Herfs
Limis
Chars
Simmis
Red Angus
Beefmaster
Gelbs
Brangus
Shorties
Brahmas
Santa Gerts
Angus
http://foodenator.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/aberdeen20angus1.bmp
Black and Polled, most popular in the US, used for good mothering skills and meat production.
Herefords - imported in 1742 - Easy keeping and longevity - more moderate frame and high marbling - 250px-Hereford_bull_large.jpg
Limousin - French - imported 1969 via canada - very meaty, awesome growth rate and yield.
Limousin.jpg
Charolais - French - imported via mexico from King Ranch - Large frame, heavy muscled, fast growth rate and high yield - some calving difficulties.
for More extended information on breeds, visit Cattle.com
http://www.cattle.com/articles/cat/Beef+Cattle+Breeds.aspx
Sunday, October 9, 2011
Lets talk about sheep...from 9/28
Top Countries in # of sheep
China 127 Million (also tops in pork too)
Australia 120m
India 58m
Iran 53m
New Zealand 46m
USA 5.5m
Top states in sheep production
Texas 900k
California 650k
Wyoming 500k
Colorado 425k
Utah 300k
Ohio 85k
Sheep numbers are on the decline. There is no demand for the meat anymore and no more wool subsidies has caused a fleece to be worth next to nothing. At one point in time, Sheep numbers in the US towered much higher then cattle. The production has declined while imports are up and prices are up.
I should have mentioned this earlier but this class is primarily focused on Beef Production, but we do talk about sheep once in awhile
China 127 Million (also tops in pork too)
Australia 120m
India 58m
Iran 53m
New Zealand 46m
USA 5.5m
Top states in sheep production
Texas 900k
California 650k
Wyoming 500k
Colorado 425k
Utah 300k
Ohio 85k
Sheep numbers are on the decline. There is no demand for the meat anymore and no more wool subsidies has caused a fleece to be worth next to nothing. At one point in time, Sheep numbers in the US towered much higher then cattle. The production has declined while imports are up and prices are up.
I should have mentioned this earlier but this class is primarily focused on Beef Production, but we do talk about sheep once in awhile
Industry Overviews 9/23
Top Countries for # of cattle.
India - 215m
Brazil - 159m
China - 107m
USA - 98m
Argentina - 55m
Top Countries for Meat Production
USA - 26 Billion lbs
Brazil - 13b
China - 10b
Argentina - 6b
Russia - 5b
How can we have significantly less cattle than Brazil and still double their production? (India doesn't slaughter cattle, I'm sure you knew that)
Answer - our genetics are better. We have been using feed efficient, fast growing, and high yielding cattle for years. Bos Indicus (indian cattle) are also dominant in Brazil, these cattle take a lot longer to finish out then an Angus cross. They also are primarily grass fed in Brazil. We feed grain to our cattle which is obviously faster at finishing an animal out. Quite simply, the USA is where the beef is at.
Top States for Beef Cows
Texas 5.1 million
Oklahoma 2m
Missouri 1.9m
Nebraska 1.8m
South Dakota 1.6m
for comparison, Ohio has approx. 297k head of cattle.
Cattle on Feed
Texas 2.7 million
Nebraska 2.5m
Kansas 2.4m
Iowa 1.4m
Colorado 1m
Feedlots are in the midwest because its dry. a feedlot is a piece of ground with feed bunkers, what happens if you put 20,000 cattle in a dirt lot and it rains? EPIC MUDHOLE.
Largest Feeders
1.JBS Swift, also the largest packer, Brazilian based. 870k capacity.
2.Cactus
3.Cargill
Top Packers
JBS Swift (they dominate the market because of vertical integration)
Cargill
Tyson
NBPC
American Foods
Top 10 importers of American Beef
Japan (money, the best quality, they get the good cuts of meat because they will shell out the big cash for it)
Mexico (low quality)
South Korea
Canada
Hong Kong
Who gets the best and worst cuts of meat (1 being the best and 6 being the worst)
1. Exports (places like japan who have the money to afford top quality meat)
2. Fancy restaurants
3. Food services (caterers and banquets)
4. Regular restaurant
5. Grocery Stores
6. Exports to poor countries
In the USA we export what we don't want (or what other countries are willing to pay for) (things like tongues , stomachs, tails.
we import things we like, steaks, burger, etc etc.
India - 215m
Brazil - 159m
China - 107m
USA - 98m
Argentina - 55m
Top Countries for Meat Production
USA - 26 Billion lbs
Brazil - 13b
China - 10b
Argentina - 6b
Russia - 5b
How can we have significantly less cattle than Brazil and still double their production? (India doesn't slaughter cattle, I'm sure you knew that)
Answer - our genetics are better. We have been using feed efficient, fast growing, and high yielding cattle for years. Bos Indicus (indian cattle) are also dominant in Brazil, these cattle take a lot longer to finish out then an Angus cross. They also are primarily grass fed in Brazil. We feed grain to our cattle which is obviously faster at finishing an animal out. Quite simply, the USA is where the beef is at.
Top States for Beef Cows
Texas 5.1 million
Oklahoma 2m
Missouri 1.9m
Nebraska 1.8m
South Dakota 1.6m
for comparison, Ohio has approx. 297k head of cattle.
Cattle on Feed
Texas 2.7 million
Nebraska 2.5m
Kansas 2.4m
Iowa 1.4m
Colorado 1m
Feedlots are in the midwest because its dry. a feedlot is a piece of ground with feed bunkers, what happens if you put 20,000 cattle in a dirt lot and it rains? EPIC MUDHOLE.
Largest Feeders
1.JBS Swift, also the largest packer, Brazilian based. 870k capacity.
2.Cactus
3.Cargill
Top Packers
JBS Swift (they dominate the market because of vertical integration)
Cargill
Tyson
NBPC
American Foods
Top 10 importers of American Beef
Japan (money, the best quality, they get the good cuts of meat because they will shell out the big cash for it)
Mexico (low quality)
South Korea
Canada
Hong Kong
Who gets the best and worst cuts of meat (1 being the best and 6 being the worst)
1. Exports (places like japan who have the money to afford top quality meat)
2. Fancy restaurants
3. Food services (caterers and banquets)
4. Regular restaurant
5. Grocery Stores
6. Exports to poor countries
In the USA we export what we don't want (or what other countries are willing to pay for) (things like tongues , stomachs, tails.
we import things we like, steaks, burger, etc etc.
Factors affecting development of the industry in the US 9/23
Population growth in the United States.
Climate. Hot, dry conditions, the midwest, is ideal for producing cattle in feedlots and pastures. extreme wetness or extreme heat are not ideal for raising cattle, so areas like Oklahoma and northern texas are the best locations.
Land.
Transportation.
In 1803, we made the Louisiana purchase which allowed the nation to expand westward.
1820 - Ohio and Erie Canals allow for boats carrying cattle to move faster to their destinations.
In this day there was a lack of preservatives, which only allowed live cattle to be shipped.
primary transportation in the day was boats and train wagons.
Trains - 1830. Allowed for faster shipping of live cattle. in 1869 the trans continental railroad was completed. This pretty much destroyed the canal system as it was faster and cheaper.
6% death rate for live cattle in the carts, 9% for sheep.
In 1867 barbed wire replaced Osage Orange Brush as fencing. This allowed ranchers to raise cattle in a fenced area and also settled land territories. this caused major conflicts in the 80's for those who still drove cattle (cattle can't pass if a fence is in the way)
Refrigerated rail carts allowed for more product (meat) to be shipped to the buyers which helped boost efficiency and allowed for profit on cattle
Union Stockyards (1865-1970) - largest packer in the nation, located in Chicago, all cattle were shipped here then the product was shipped by railways to the distributors.
"the jungle" is based off Upton Sinclair's visit to the plant. it describes the terrible working conditions faced and revolutionized workers rights.
Union stockyards was killed by shipping costs. Now the packers are located closer to the cattle in the midwest, so the cost of shipping live cattle was drastically cut.
and eventually Trucks replaced railways, because shipping is faster.
Some issues affecting the beef industry today : Government, drought, Issue 2, HSUS, Gas Prices, and Food Safety.
Packers moved to the midwest (closer to the cattle)
Climate. Hot, dry conditions, the midwest, is ideal for producing cattle in feedlots and pastures. extreme wetness or extreme heat are not ideal for raising cattle, so areas like Oklahoma and northern texas are the best locations.
Land.
Transportation.
In 1803, we made the Louisiana purchase which allowed the nation to expand westward.
1820 - Ohio and Erie Canals allow for boats carrying cattle to move faster to their destinations.
In this day there was a lack of preservatives, which only allowed live cattle to be shipped.
primary transportation in the day was boats and train wagons.
Trains - 1830. Allowed for faster shipping of live cattle. in 1869 the trans continental railroad was completed. This pretty much destroyed the canal system as it was faster and cheaper.
6% death rate for live cattle in the carts, 9% for sheep.
In 1867 barbed wire replaced Osage Orange Brush as fencing. This allowed ranchers to raise cattle in a fenced area and also settled land territories. this caused major conflicts in the 80's for those who still drove cattle (cattle can't pass if a fence is in the way)
Refrigerated rail carts allowed for more product (meat) to be shipped to the buyers which helped boost efficiency and allowed for profit on cattle
Union Stockyards (1865-1970) - largest packer in the nation, located in Chicago, all cattle were shipped here then the product was shipped by railways to the distributors.
"the jungle" is based off Upton Sinclair's visit to the plant. it describes the terrible working conditions faced and revolutionized workers rights.
Union stockyards was killed by shipping costs. Now the packers are located closer to the cattle in the midwest, so the cost of shipping live cattle was drastically cut.
and eventually Trucks replaced railways, because shipping is faster.
Some issues affecting the beef industry today : Government, drought, Issue 2, HSUS, Gas Prices, and Food Safety.
Packers moved to the midwest (closer to the cattle)
Beef History 9/21
My first class is Beef and Sheep production so these posts are primarily cattle based.
Cattle are derived from the Auroch (ancient ancestor) from India. they stood 6.5 ft at the shoulder and inhabited Europe/asia/africa. they were domesticated 6-8k years ago in Europe/asia.
There are two types of cattle, Bos Indicus and Bos Taurus. Bos Taurus are of euro decent and are humpless (herefords, angus etc etc). Bos Indicus are derived from India and have humps (brahma)
Shorthorns are one of the oldest recognized breed (1500's, imported to the US in 1783)
Columbus introduced cattle in 1493 to the western hemisphere. Hernando Cortez was the first to bring cattle to north america (1519). At this time cattle were only used for milk production.
Longhorns - Hardy, adaptable, self sustaining cattle. The longhorn era ended when the open range was fenced. They calved unassisted for hundreds of years. (natural selection at its finest, in the calving department)
Henry Clay imported herfords in 1817. Almost all herfords in the US date back to Anxiety 4, a bull used in 1881.
George Grant imported the first angus from Scotland. he brought four head to Victoria, Kansas. Eventually they were commonly crossed with Longhorns.
Breed - A group of related cattle that share similar characteristics
again these are just notes I've taken as I've wrote them. At this point its very easy if you come from a cattle background.
Cattle are derived from the Auroch (ancient ancestor) from India. they stood 6.5 ft at the shoulder and inhabited Europe/asia/africa. they were domesticated 6-8k years ago in Europe/asia.
There are two types of cattle, Bos Indicus and Bos Taurus. Bos Taurus are of euro decent and are humpless (herefords, angus etc etc). Bos Indicus are derived from India and have humps (brahma)
Shorthorns are one of the oldest recognized breed (1500's, imported to the US in 1783)
Columbus introduced cattle in 1493 to the western hemisphere. Hernando Cortez was the first to bring cattle to north america (1519). At this time cattle were only used for milk production.
Longhorns - Hardy, adaptable, self sustaining cattle. The longhorn era ended when the open range was fenced. They calved unassisted for hundreds of years. (natural selection at its finest, in the calving department)
Henry Clay imported herfords in 1817. Almost all herfords in the US date back to Anxiety 4, a bull used in 1881.
George Grant imported the first angus from Scotland. he brought four head to Victoria, Kansas. Eventually they were commonly crossed with Longhorns.
Breed - A group of related cattle that share similar characteristics
again these are just notes I've taken as I've wrote them. At this point its very easy if you come from a cattle background.
Welcome.
This blog will serve as a journal not only for my self, but people also interested in Animal Science. I'll be posting all of my notes and thoughts in this blog. Feel free to ask anything or comment on anything. Ill start off by posting what I've accumulated to this point.
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